Antipyretic effect of Xiyanping injection on bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide-induced fever in rabbits / 药学学报

This paper mainly studied the effect of Xiyanping injection on the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced fever in rabbits, preliminarily investigated the mechanisms, and provided pharmacological basis for the clinical application. The rabbit model of endotoxin-induced fever was established by using LPS as the inducer; The changes of rectal temperature were measured; The levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and phospholipaseA2 (PLA2) in the serum were measured; The levels of PGE2, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in cerebrospinal fluid as well as hypothalamus were detected. The animal welfare and experimental process are in accordance with the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University in this study. The results showed that Xiyanping injection (12.5, 25, and 50 mg·kg-1) could significantly reduce LPS-upregulated body temperature of rabbits, and the duration of action could reach 5.5-8.5 h. At the doses of 25 and 50 mg·kg-1, the antipyretic effect of Xiyanping injection was comparable to that of analgin injection (50 mg·kg-1). Furthermore, Xiyanping injection and analgin injection both reduced the levels of PGE2, IL-1β, TNF-α, and PLA2 in the serum of febrile rabbits to the varying degrees. In addition, Xiyanping injection also down-regulated the levels of PGE2, cAMP, and AVP in the hypothalamus, and PGE2 and cAMP in the cerebrospinal fluid. The level of AVP in the cerebrospinal fluid was up-regulated. This study indicated that Xiyanping injection could significantly improve the endotoxin-induced fever in rabbits, and mechanisms were closely related to the regulation of the levels of PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, PLA2, cAMP, and AVP in serum, hypothalamus, and cerebrospinal fluid.

Research progress on pharmacological effect of Artemisiae Scopariae Herba / 中草药

The main chemical components of Artemisiae Scopariae Herba (ASH) include coumarins, flavonoids, organic acids, essential oils, and so on. Except for the traditional actions of clearing and draining dampness-heat, and disinhibiting gallbladder and anti-icteric, ASH has multiple pharmacological activities, such as antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, hypotensive, hypolipidemic, anti-osteoporotic, neuroprotective, metabolic regulation effects, as well as prevention of Alzheimer’s disease, whose mechanism of actions are complex. This article reviews pharmacological actions and the corresponding mechanism of ASH, which can provide reference for the research, development and clinical application of ASH and its preparations.

Research progress on chemical constituents of Artemisia annua and its pharmacological activities / 中草药

As a commonly used Chinese materia medica, Artemisia annua mainly contains sesquiterpenoids, diterpenes, phenylpropionic acids, coumarins, flavonoids, volatile oil, and other chemical compositions. Its pharmacological activities are anti-malaria, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulation and so on. The significantly anti-malarial activity has led to its earlier use in the treatment of malaria. In this paper, the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of A. annua in recent years are reviewed in order to provide a reference for the further development and rational utilization of this plant resource.

Antipyretic effects of Paracetamol Tablets, Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets, Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets, and Chaiqin Qingning capsules on rat model with LPS and dry yeast induced fever / 药物评价研究

Objective To study the antipyretic effect of Paracetamol Tablets,Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets,Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets,and Chaiqin Qingning Capsules on the fever model induced by LPS and dry yeast in rats.Methods Fever was induced by ip injecting LPS (100 μg/kg) or sc injecting dry yeast (20％) in rats.We observed the changes of temperature of the rats after administration of Paracetamol Tablets,Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets,Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets (the acetaminophen contents were 205.67,102.83,and 51.42 mg/kg)and Chaiqin Qingning Capsules (1110.60,555.30,and 277.65 mg/kg).Maximum temperature rise height (△T) and temperature response index (TRI) were calculated,and the curve of average rise in temperature was drawn.Results Each dose group of Paracetamol Tablets,Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets,Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets,and Chaiqin Qingning Capsules had obvious antipyretic effect on the fever model induced by LPS and dry yeast in rats,and there was a certain dose-effect relationship.Conclusion Paracetamol Tablets,Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets,Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets,and Chaiqin Qingning Capsules has certain antipyretic effect on LPS and dry yeast fever model in rats,and on the whole,the Western medicine acts rapid but continue for a short time,while the traditional Chinese medicine acts slow but continues for a long time.

Research progress on chemical constituents, pharmacological action, and clinical application of Reduning Injection / 中草药

Reduning Injection (RI) has the effects of clearing heat, dispelling wind, and detoxification. It has been proved to be widely used for the treatment of wind-heat cold, cough, fever, upper respiratory tract infection, and acute bronchitis with good therapeutic effect and high security in clinical practice. Main chemical composition of RI includes iridoids, lignans, coumarins, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, coffee acyl quinine acids, phenolic acids, etc. This paper reviews domestic and foreign researches about RI in recent years and summarizes the chemical constituents, pharmacological action, and clinical application.

Advance in study on chemical constituents of Saposhnikovia divaricate and their pharmacological effects / 中草药

Saposhnikovia divaricate, a kind of traditional medicinal herbs, is widely used in China. The chemical composition of S. divaricate is very complicated, whose main active substances are ketone, coumarin, volatile oil and other ingredients. The pharmacological activities of S. divaricate are mainly concentrated in the antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and other aspects. In this paper, the literatures on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of S. divaricate at home and abroad are summarized, and some suggestions are put forward for future research. The aim is to provide theoretical reference for the development and utilization and in-depth study of S. divaricate.

Research progress on iridoids in Gentiana L / 中草药

Gentiana L. is the largest genera in Gentianaceae. Plants in Gentiana L. contain a lot of chemical constituents with pharmacological activities, especially iridoids. Iridoids has good hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antiviral, and other pharmacological effects. This article summarizes the research progress of iridoids in plants from Gentiana L., which provide references for the studies of chemical constituents in Gentiana L. and the exploitation of medicinal resources.

Study on mechanism for antipyretic effects of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule / 中草药

Objective: To study the antipyretic effect of Shufeng Jiedu Capsules (SJC) and its mechanism. Methods: Using the yeast-reduced fever model of rats to study the antipyretic effects of SJC and its mechanism, collecting blood plasma and hypothalamus to measure the indicators related to body temperature such as IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, PGE2, cAMP, cGMP, Na-K-ATPase, IL-6, and AVP. Results: SJC can significantly decline the contents of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1α, and IL-1β, and it can also decline the content of pyrogenic medium-cAMP, ratio of cAMP/cGMP, reduce thermogenesis and levels of Na+, K+-ATPase, and significantly enhance the content of endogenous antipyretic medium-AVP. Conclusion: SJC has a significant antipyretic effect which could decline pyrogenic medium and reduce thermogenesis through reducing the content of inflammatory cytokines-PGE2 and cytokines, it also enhances the content of endogenous antipyretic medium-AVP to play its antipyretic effect.

Study on Spectrum-effect Relationship of Antipyretic Effect of Radix Bupleuri Injection / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the spectrum-effect relationship of the antipyretic effect of Radix Bupleuri injection. METH-ODS:HPLC method was used to establish the fingerprint of Radix Bupleuri injection. The antipyretic effect of 10 batches of Radix Bupleuri injection on fever rats induced by dried yeast were determined respectively. The fingerprint peaks were screened,along with the temperature value of different time points(0,10,15,30,40,55,70 min). The principal components were extracted by principal component method and the indirect relationship between the fingerprint and antipyretic effect was analyzed,depending on the principal component correlation coefficient matrix. RESULTS:There were 39 common peaks in fingerprint(similarity>0.85), No. 8,12,14,19,26,31,34,35 and 39 common peaks with large peak area were included in the study. Four principal compo-nents were extracted by principal component analysis(87% of total variant). First principal component showed that the active com-ponents of the 12th peak may be related to the antipyretic effect of 6 to 13 hours. The second principal component showed that the active components of the 26th peak may be related to the antipyretic effect of 0.5 to 5 hours. The third principal component showed that the similar effect of the active components could be caused by 34th,35th and 39th peaks. The fourth principal component sug-gested that there were some similarities between the 14th and the 31st peaks. CONCLUSIONS:Radix Bupleuri injection have obvi-ous improvement for fever rats. There is certain corresponding relation between HPLC fingerprint and antipyretic effect of Radix Bu-pleuri injection .

Antipyretic and anti-asthmatic activities of traditional Chinese herb-pairs, Ephedra and Gypsum / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Mahuang-Shigao herb-pair is a famous formula composed of Ephedra and Gypsum. The herb-pair is frequently used for treating cold symptoms and bronchial asthma in the clinical practice of Chinese medicine (CM). In the present study, we evaluated evidence for the benefit of combined use of Ephedra and Gypsum by analyzing the antipyretic and anti-asthmatic activities of Ephedra-Gypsum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The antipyretic effects of Ephedra-Gypsum were evaluated in yeast-induced hyperthermia test. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, including control group, standard aspirin group, and 3 Ephedra- Gypsum groups of different doses (6, 12, 24 g/kg). Ephedra-Gypsum extract and asprin were administered orally 6 h after the injection of yeast solution and body temperature was measured every 1 h for 8 h. The antiasthmatic effects of Ephedra-Gypsum were evaluated using an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic rat model. Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. Rats were alternately sensitized and OVA+Al(OH) challenged by exposure to mists of ovalbumin. Ephedra-Gypsum extracts (6, 12, 24 g/kg) or dexamethasone were administered 45 min prior to the allergen challenge for 8 days. Latent period and the weight of wet to dry ratio of lung were determined. In addition, the eosinophils in blood and white blood cell (WBC) were counted by an YZ-Hemavet Analyzer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The Ephedra-Gypsum extracts at test dose (6, 12, 24 g/kg) significantly and dose-dependently attenuated yeast-induced fever in rats. The Ephedra-Gypsum extracts also prolonged the latent period, reduced OVA-induced increases in eosinophils and WBC, and decreased the wet and dry weight ratio of the lungs in the anti-asthmatic test.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These findings indicate that the Ephedra-Gypsum extract has antipyretic and anti-asthmatic properties. Hence, the results support additional scientific evidence in prescriptions.</p>

Antipyretic Effects of Liposoluble Fractions of Viola yedoensis / 中草药·英文版

Objective: To clarify the antipyretic effect of the Chinese materia medica, Violae Herba (Viola yedoensis), and its active fractions by examining the effects of V. yedoensis extracts with differing polarities on body temperature, total white blood cell (WBC) count, WBC differential count, and total serum complement of rabbits with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced fever. Methods: The rabbits were treated with water and ethanolic extracts of V. yedoensis, as well as petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions of the ethanolic extract at low-, mid- and high- doses. The LPS was injected via the ear vein of rabbits in model and treatment groups 30 min post-gavage. Their body temperature was measured at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0 h after the LPS challenge to calculate the temperature changes and thermal response index. After the last temperature measurement, blood samples were collected to determine the blood cell counts and total serum complement (CH50) level. Results: Compared with the model group, body temperature was significantly lower in the low-dose ethanolic extract group, low- and mid-dose petroleum ether fraction groups, and all three ethyl acetate fraction groups. Serum CH50 levels were lower in all treatment groups, except the ethanolic extract groups, than that in the model group, with no significant difference. V. yedoensis had no significant effect on the blood cells of febrile rabbits challenged with LPS for 6 h. Conclusions: The antipyretic effects of V. yedoensis are strong, and its active fractions are the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions of ethanolic extract.

Antipyretic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Gardenia from Bazhong / 中国药师

Objective:To explore the antipyretic effect on rabbit fever induced by endotoxin and the anti-inflammatory effect on the increase of mouse abdominal cavity capillary permeability caused by 0. 6% glacial acetic acid of Bazhong gardenia. Methods:The rab-bit fever model was made by ear margin vein injection of endotoxin in physiological saline solution, and the mouse inflammation model of abdominal cavity capillary permeability increase was established by 0. 6% glacial acetic acid solution. The animals were respectively intragastrically administrated with gardenia water-soluble effective parts and 70% alcohol-soluble effective parts. The rabbit body tem-perature and mouse celiac fluid absorbance values were detected. The effects of gardenia from different habitats were studied and com-pared. Results:The antipyretic effect of water-soluble effective parts from Bazhong gardenia extract was better than that of gardenia ex-tract from Jiangxi, Hubei and Jiangjin (P0. 05). Bazhong gardenia could inhibit the increase of abdominal blood capillary permeability in mouse inflammation model, and the effect was better than the other gardenia, however without significant difference (P>0. 05). Con-clusion:Bazhong gardenia shows better antipyretic effect compared with that from other habitats.

Pharmacodynamics of Yajiao Hadun San Ⅰ / 中成药

AIM: To study the pharmacodynamics of Yajiao Hadun San(Vitex trifolia;streptocaulon griffibhii;Asparagus pseudofilicinus;Inula cappa;Benincasa hispida;Tacca esquirolli). METHODS: The pyrexia model rat induced with active yeast,the mice's auricular swelling test caused by croton oil;the mice's toe swelling test caused by albumen;the mice's twisting body test caused by the irritation of acetic acid and the mice's carbon clearance test were used to determine antipyretic,analgesic,anti-inflammation effect and immunity function of Yajiao Hadun San. RESULTS: Yajiao Hadun San could reduce the anus temperature of the pyrexia model rat,inhibit the mice's toe and auricular swelling,reduce the times of twisting body sharply and also increase the rate of eliminating colloid carbon in mice. CONCLUSION: Yajiao Hadun San has certain antipyretic,anti-inflammation,analgesic effect and enhance the phagocytosis of mono-karyon macrophage in mice.

Spectral marker construction for evaluating antipyretic effects of 4 herbs / 中成药

AIM: To construct suitable quality standard of evaluating antipyretic effect of 4 herbs,Bupleurum,Flos Lonicerae Japonicae,Radix Isatidis and Fructus Forsythiae. METHODS: Extracts,essential oils and its mixtures of extract and oil of above herbs,plus Ibuprofen Suspension,were used for antipyretic experiment on rats.Principal Component Analysis and Canonical Correlation Analysis were adopted as evaluation tools to examine the correlation between pharmacological effect and UV spectra of herb's chemicals,from which spectral marker of potential reliability for evaluating antipyretic effects of samples could be constructed. RESULTS: Antipyretic effect sequencing of UV spectral canonical variables was consistent with that of the four herbs. CONCLUSION: The first canonical variable U1 expressed by principal component scores of UV spectra of herbs could be used as spectral marker for evaluating antipyretic effects of the four herbs.

Experimental Study on Antipyretic and in Vitro and in Vivo Bacteriostatic Effects of Xuanmia-Yankang Buccal Tablets(XBT) / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the antipyretic,in vitro and in vivo bacteriostatic effects of XBT METHODS:Experimen_ts were carried out on a rat model of using dry-yeast as pyretogenic agent and by conventional in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial tests,and the antipyretic and bacteriostatic effects of XBT were observed RESULTS:XBT can significantly inhibit the pyretogenesis induced by dry-yeast in rats;The result of antimicrobial experiment showed that XBT could significantly inhibit ?-hemolytic streptococcus,?-hemolytic streptococcus,streptococcus pneumaniae,and staphylococcus aureus in vitro It showed protective effects on infection with ?-hemolytic streptococcus CONCLUSION:XBT have antipyretic and bacteriostatic effects

ANTIPYRETIC AND ANESTHETIC ACTIVITY OF FERULOFEN / 中国药理学通报

Ferulof en ( FL, 45mg and 200mg/kg im ) showed marked antipyretic effect on rabbit fever induced by typho-paratyhoid vaccine and on rat fever induced by yeast powder suspension respectively. Their potency and action phase were similar to those of aspirin ( 35mg and 100mg/kg) . Furthermore, it blocked the action potential of sciatic nerve in toad to some extent and had a certain local anesthetic effect on guinea pigs in intradermic wheal test, but much weaker than procaine and lidocaine at the same concentration. It had no obvious influence on corneal reflex in rabbits.It can be concluded from these findings that together with the results of previous paper the findings of this paper further indicated FL may be proved to be a new antiinflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic drug.